کون بیوقوف بنا رہا ہے

یورپ یا ویسٹ نے گاہک کو تحفظ دینے کے لیے ایسے رولز بنادیۓ
جس سے گاہک کو کافی فايدہ ہوا ۔ اس سلسلے کی ایک کڑی کو"کولنگ آوف پیریڈ" کہتے ہیں۔عالم اسلام اور اسلام میں ایسا تصور ہے ہی نہین۔ اب تو ایسے لگتا ہے ہر کوي لوٹ مارکے چکر میں ہے۔کچھ سال پہلے پروپرٹی کمپنی کے ایک مینیجر سے ملاقات ہوي۔اس کو میں نے گلے شکوے کۓ جو کہ تقریبا ایک سال سےٹیلیفون پر چل رہے تھے۔مسلہ یہ تھا کہ میں نے مینٹیننس ایگریمنٹ پر دستخط کۓ ہوۓ تھے ۔مینیجر کون تھا؟ کویتی؟یا مصری؟۔ہمارے پاکستانیوں کی خوشقسمتی کہ عربی بہت اچھا سمجھتے ہیں۔ اسی لیۓ تو حقارت سے "ہندی" کے نام سے پہچانتے ہیں۔ کہنے لگا ہم نے ریپر بھی نہیں کرنی اور مجھے ایگریمنٹ کے مطابق ان کے چارجز بھی دینے پٹریں گے -ایسے ہزاروں مسلم بھاي مسلمان بھايوں کو لوٹ رہے ہیں۔ ‏عدالتوں میں چلے جايں ایک کیس کو چلتے دس سال لگیں تو کیا ہو گآ؟دفتر شکایات بھی ہیں جنکا کام بس کاغذی کارواي کرناہے۔دفتر شکایات چلے جاییں تو وہ ہنستے ہیں کہ یہ آدمی ٹھیک نہیں جو شکایت کرنے آ گیا۔کہنے لگےبھاي کیوں ٹايم ضایع کرتے ہو اور کیسے مسلمان ہو پتہ نہیں ہر کام اللہ کی طرف سے ہوتا ہے۔ایسی مذہبی بات کر دیتے ہیں کہ انسان      لا جواب ہو جاتا ہے-کوي کسی کو لوٹ لے قصورلٹنے والےکا کہ وہ کیوں لٹا اور لٹنے کے بعد لوٹنے والے سے معافی ہی نہ مانگے بلکے اسکا شکریہ بھی ادا کرے کہ خدمت کا موقع دیا
ایک بات ہیےہماری قوم اس بات پر متفق ہےکہ مسلمانوں کے اعمال خراب ہوۓ اللہ نے سزا کے طور پر برے حکمران نافذ کر دۓ۔ جعلی دواياں بناکر بیچو ملاوٹ کرو لوٹ مار کرو  یہ سب اللہ کی طرف سے ہی تو ہو رہا ہے پھر رونا دہونا کیوں بلکہ رب کا شکر ادا کرو کہ حکمران تو دۓ حکمران کے بغیر تو نہیں رکھایہ بات  تو مان لی کہ مسلمان برے حکمران بھی ہوتے ہیں نہیں تو تاریخ پڑ کر دیکھ لیں کوي بھی حکمران برا نہیں ملے گا اگر برے حکمران تھے تو وہ کافر تھے ایسی باتیں مسلمانوں کے لیے ہی گھڑی گيں  بیوقوف بنانے کے لیۓ    مسلمانوں کی لکھی ہوي جھوٹی تاریخ کو کافر ماننے والے نہیں یہ تو مسلمانوں نے اپنے مسلمان بھايوں کے لیۓ لکھی ہے            

گو دنگ خر

مجھے سے کسی عربی ڈاکٹر نے کچھ پوچھا اور ساتھ ہی ہنس کر کہنے لگا "گو دنگ خر" میں نے پوچھا کیا کہا؟  کہنے لگا کچھ نہیں-میری بھی کچھ جستجو بڑھی اوراس کے با رے میں جانکاری شروع کر دی۔ ہمارے ایک عربی دوست عرب تاریخ کے ڈاکٹرہیں ان سے پوچھا کہ مجھے اس ضرب المثل کے بارے میں معلومات چاہیے۔کہنے لگے کچھ دن کے بعد بتاییں گے۔ کافی عرصہ گزر گیامیں تو بھول ہی گیا تھا ایک دن ان کا فون آگیااور مجھے ملنے کو کہا-میں اگلے دن ان سے ملاقات کے لیۓ چلا گیا- کیا انسان ہیں تاریخ کی چلتی پھرتی لایبریری ہی ہیں۔ حال احوال پوچھا اور گپ شپ بھی ہوي- اچانک کہنے لگے وہ اپ نے جو ضرب المثل کے بارے میں پوچھا تھاوہ فارسی کی ہے۔یہ اسلام کے سنہری دور کے مشاہیر کے زمانے کی ہے۔کیونکہ مسلم مشاہیر فارسی بولنےوالے تھے-جب بھی کسی کی ضرورت پڑتی سپاہی بھیج کر بلا لیتے تھے۔ بعض دفعہ تو ایسا ہوا مشاہیر نے جانے سے معضوری ظاہر کی تو ان کو زبردستی اٹھا کے لےگۓ۔ دربار میں ان سے مسايل کے حل پوچھے جاتے اور ان کو ہنس ہنس کر گو دنگے خر کہا جاتا۔ جن مشاہیر کو یہ اعزاز   حاصل ہوا ان میں بوعلی سینا،رازی، خوارزمی،ابن رشد اور منصور کے نام بھی شامل ہیں۔بعض کی تو اچھی طرح پٹاي بھی کی جاتی۔ مسلم سنہری دور کے اکثرمشاہیر حکومت سے جان بچانے کے ليے چھپتے اور بھاگتے ہی رہے  

Raja Dahar of Sindh

DAWN The Review, May 17-23 May 2001

Rajah Dahar of Sindh


"Whoever marries your sister will become the ruler of Sindh," the astrologers told Dahar, the Rajah of Sindh. Dahar was the eldest son of Chach, the founder of the Brahmin Dynasty in Sindh, and he had inherited lower Sindh. His younger brother, Daharsingh was ruling upper Sindh, and both of them were born of Suhandi, the ambitious wife of Chach. Bai, their sister whose horoscope posed a dilemma for Dahar, was born of a Jatt mother.

"The administration of a large kingdom is a delicate matter," said the grand vizier Budhiman to Dahar. "For the sake of their kingdom, kings bring death upon their brothers and relatives or banish them from their country. You should marry your sister, and seat her with you on the throne though you will never consummate the marriage. As she will be called your wedded wife the kingdom will remain with you, according to the astrologers' prediction." When this argument didn't convince Dahar, the grand vizier made a practical demonstration about the so-called collective memory of the people. He laid mud on the back of a sheep, and grew plants on it. When the sheep was paraded through the streets of Aror, it caught everyone's attention. But only for three days! Afterward, the sheep would roam around in the streets and no one would pay heed to it. That much is the human attention span.

Much has been said about Dahar's marriage to his sister, but as far as we can gather from recorded history it was a nominal marriage and never consummated. Yet, it earned Dahar a bad reputation, so that his name became proverbial and synonymous with "big mistake" in the Sindhi language. His younger brother, Daharsingh, who was ruling the northern areas of the empire, rose in rebellion, although death overtook him before a decisive battle could settle the affairs between the brothers. The true casualty of this whole affair goes mostly unnoticed by the historians of all schools. The saddest part of the story was perhaps the fact that a young woman was condemned to a life that she did not deserve.

Apart from his "big mistake," Dahar certainly possessed some remarkable characteristics. He was exceptionally brave and fearless. There is even a story about how, when a ferocious lion once attacked Dahar's hunting retinue, Dahar wrapped his scarf on his left arm and thrust that arm into the lion's mouth while killing the beast with his right arm. Even if we don't believe this story, we have witnesses to his other acts of bravery, and such witnesses are found even among his enemies, the Arab invaders. As described by the ancient historians, Rajah Dahar is the tragedy of a man who set out to take lessons in being a king. His flaw was his willingness to place his faith in the external factors: stars, destiny, enemies and friends. By the time Dahar learnt his lessons, it was too late for him to live like a king. The only option left before him by then was to die like one.

Dahar had the opportunity to rule for a long period over his kingdom - almost forty years (c. 668 - 712 AD). Over that period his major achievement was to secure law and order in his land by routing the bandits and banishing them to the seas. His major weakness was his foreign policy, specially towards the western borders of his empire where the threat of an Arab invasion was increasing everyday since the Arab occupation of Persia in 635 AD.

It seems that Dahar was nostalgically looking back towards the days of the pre-Islamic Persia when the glorious Sassanid Dynasty ruled over that vast empire with great pomp and show. It was difficult for him to accept that the ancient glory of Iran had gone forever, and he could never make up his mind to deal with the Bedouins of the Arab Deserts as successors of the great Persian Emperors.

The Arabs, at the same time, displayed no desire for establishing friendly relations with the other powers of their time. Specially in the case of Sindh, the Arabs had always been speaking in terms of whether it was difficult or easy to annex this state, and never in terms of whether or not the Sindhis have given them a cause for invasion. We must remember that "world peace" is a very modern term and has its origin in the Romantic Movement of the 18th and 19th Century. Even so it wasn't until after the World War I in the 20th Century that the concept of world peace became a reality in the foreign policies of states. The modern Muslim historians, more than anyone else, are guilty of anachronism when they try to perceive of the early Arab colonialism in terms of the 20th Century notions of democracy and world peace.

Dahar, it seems, didn't display any personal aversion to the Muslims or their religion. He welcomed the Arab talent at his court, and was a great admirer of the Arab military genius. Unfortunately, the Arabs who found refuge at Dahar's court were the Allafi adversaries of the Umayyad Caliphate. It is said that one of their relatives, a dignitary of the Allafi tribe, was beheaded in Mekran by a deputy of Hajjaj bin Yousuf as he refused to pay proper honour to that deputy. His skin was taken off and his head sent to Basra. In true Arab spirit some of the tribesmen of the victim took their revenge upon the deputy, who had by that time become the governor of Mekran, and then fled to the court of Dahar.

We cannot be certain how far the famous story about the plunder of eight Arab ships at Debal is true. It has been recorded in most histories that the King of Sarandeep had sent some gifts to the Umayyad Caliph Walid bin Abdul Malik, and the caravan of eight ships also carried the orphaned daughters of deceased Arab merchants. These ships were forced by rough weather to take refuge on the coasts of Sindh, possibly Debal, and there they were looted by some outlandish tribes. The story even relates that one of the women called upon Hajjaj when she was being captured, and this message was conveyed to Hajjaj by a survivor. Hajjaj sent a letter to Dahar asking him to release the women, and we are told by historians that, "in that letter he couched many threats in very strong terms." If that was the case then Dahar must be praised for his patience in replying only, "This is the work of a band of robbers over whom I do not have power."

Mainly two facts make this story doubtful. Firstly, Chachnameh, the primary source of these events, narrates that when Muhammad bin Qasim later conquered Debal he found all the women in the castle prison. Why would those women be kept in the prison? Women captured in this manner were usually treated as slave girls and distributed among the captors for their pleasures, as Mohammad Bin Qasim reportedly did at the time of his capture of Sindh.


Secondly, the Chachnameh states again in the events of a year later that after the Arabs had conquered almost all of Sindh, the Hindu vizier Siyakar brought those Muslim women prisoners to Muhammad bin Qasim. How could they be freed now, if they had been already freed and sent home from Debal? Indeed, it seems that the story had become a folk tale and there were many versions of it. We can't be sure that the version that has come down to us was closest to reality.


In the light of what we know, it is more plausible to believe that some ships were probably looted but that was an act of the robbers whom Dahar had banished from his lands with great difficulty and now didn't want to provoke by challenging their hold over the seas. Dahar's personal involvement in the events, as well as the captives' release from the prisons of Debal and (or) Alore, seems to be a fabrication by the later storytellers for obvious reasons.

The events of Muhammad bin Qasim's invasion of Sindh are well known. What isn't so well known to most students of history is the manner in which Raja Dahar met his death. It is said that when the Arab conqueror had captured most of Sindh, and Dahar's countrymen had changed their sides to join the Arabs, Dahar called his Arab friends, the Allafi rebels. In a way they were the cause of Dahar's misfortune because it was by giving them refuge that Dahar had first annoyed the dreadful Hajjaj bin Yousuf. "O Allafi!" Dahar said to his Arab friend, "It was for such an emergency that we patronized you. You are best acquainted with the ways of the Arab army, and it is advisable that you should go with my forces in advance." The Allafi replied, "O King! We are grateful to you, but we cannot draw our swords against the army of Islam. If we are killed by them we will earn a bad name, and if we kill them we will burn in hell. We agree that in return for the favours you have shown us, we must at least give you some advice on how to fight these invaders even if we do not draw our swords against them. But if we give you advice, then again, this army will never forgive us. Please be kind to us and allow us to depart quietly." In a magnanimous gesture of royal grace, Dahar allowed these dubious characters to leave his camps in safety.

Sometime before the final battle, Dahar's vizier approached him and suggested that Dahar should take refuge with one of the friendly kings of India. "You should say to them, 'I am a wall between you and the Arab army. If I fall, nothing will stop your destruction at their hands.'" If that wasn't acceptable to Dahar, said the vizier, then he should at least send away his family to some safe point in India. Dahar refused to do either. "I cannot send away my family to security while the families of my thakurs and nobles remain here. And I consider it shameful as well that I should go to the door of another prince and await his permission to see him." Vizier Budhiman then asked Dahar what did he intend to do. To this Dahar gave a very dramatic reply, which was recorded faithfully by the early Arab historians despite their hostility to the unfortunate infidel. 

"I am going to meet the Arabs in the open battle", he said, "And fight them as best as I can. If I crush them, my kingdom will then be put on a firm footing. But if I am killed honorably, the event will be recorded in the books of Arabia and India, and will be talked about by great men. It will be heard by other kings in the world, and it will be said that Rajah Dahar of Sindh sacrificed his precious life for the sake of his country, in fighting with the enemy."

After Dahar was killed in the Battle of Aror on the banks of the River Indus, his head was cut off from his body and sent to Hajjaj bin Yousuf. His queens burnt themselves to death in the tradition set by the Rajput heroines. These included Bai, the unfortunate sister of Dahar. Other ladies of the royal household, who remained alive, were captured by the Arab conquerors along with other women of Sindh, and sold into slavery. Thus ended the dynasty that had sprung out of the ambitions of Queen Suhandi and Chach the Brahmin. 


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SOURCES used in this series of articles: Chachnameh by Ali Kufi; Futuhul Baldan by Al Balazri; Tarikh-e-Masumi by Mir Masum Bakhari; and Tuhfatil Kiram by Mir Ali Sher Qanea

Aman Mela

Punjabi ik such - bol punjabi

Pakistan nu lai duban walay tubqay nay eh ee kehya keh agar koi Islami boli
hai tay oh urdu ee ah jehdi lugat akhran naal mala mal ah tay dujian lokal bolian
sarian ee anperh tay aujad lokaan diyaan boliyan aan. Eh das vastay punjabi , pathan
sindi baluchi sareiki behgali bolan valian day baray ch aujadan dee taran day lateefay
banaiay ghaiay. sadaian navian naslan tay zabardasti urdu dee laanat tay nahoosat thopee
gai. Bangalian nay eh gal manan toon ankar ker ditta. Ehdi ohna nu chokhee qeemat daini
paiee. 30 lakh east pakistanian nu urdu dee nahoosat na manan dee eh saza ditti ghaiee
keh ohna da khulay aam qatal keeta ghia. Bangali maan boli vastay marday ghaiay pehr
ohna nay har naa munni aakhar ohna dee urdu dee nahoosat too najat mil ghaiee.

Bangla daish banan naal ohna nu kai faiday hoay, sab toon pehla faida eh hoya keh Ohna
tay India day dushman honay da khatra khatam ho ghia jehra keh Pakistan army nay pakistan
nu lutan vastay ik masnoi dushman da hava khara keeta hoya see.Jes vailay bangla daish nu
pakistan toon azadi milli aus vailay bangla daish dee maashee halat buht paihree see.
Bangla daishee takkay dee vee koi aini value nahn see. Ohna nu urdu dee nahoosat toon azad
honay da doja faida eh hoya keh Bangla daish nay dunia ch apna ik miyar bana lia. Pakistan
dee ehton vaddi badqismati hor kee ho sak dee ah keh pakistan toon azad ho kay ohday takkay
dee value pakistani rupiay naloon vee chungi ah. Bangla daish nay sab toon vada chunga kum eh
keeta keh jamat Islami day leaders nu bangalian day qatal e aam day juram ch adalataan ch kais
chala kay ohna nu phansian dittian. Eh Indo pak khitay ch pehli vari hoya keh kisay nu ohna day
mass murder ch saza hoi hovay. Eh sazavaan hon naal eh ho jao gha keh koi hun genocide karay gha
tay oh sauchoo gha keh kitay ehdi saza naa ho javay.

Pakistan tay chaiay hoay lokaan nay eh gal hajay tak nahin samajee tay oh purani dugar tay chalay
jaa rahay tay oh ee policy thupee jaa rehay ah jehday naal bangla daish banya. Oh purana zamana see
jidoon aidaan diyan polician chal jandian see jidoon media ch radio pakistan ee see jehtay sadray
pakistan quam nu khatab day naa tay bayvaqoof banaya ker da see. Hun tay her passay media aa ghia.
her doja banda mobile lai phir da jehday tay her pul dee khabar mil dee ah. Eh mobile auna da ik
faida eh vee hoya keh urdia toolay dee media tay aujara daari khatam honi shroh ho ghai. Ehna day
choth day poll khulana shroh ho ghaiay.
Pakistan vastay sab toon chungi gal eh ee ah keh urdu dee nahoosat nu khattam ker kay lokaan diyan alaqai
bolian nu ohna alaqian ch nafaz keeta javay. Eh alaqai bolian lokaan vastay Rab da ik tuhfa ah tay eh
lokaan dee pehchan aah. main jay kahvan keh meri boli urdu ah tay mera tay lehja ee theek naa ho sakia tay
meri boli urdu kes taran ho ghai?
Gal main shroh keeti see punjai ik such tay punjabi bol. Punjabi ik haqeeqat tay such ah oh dee ik vajah tay eh ah
keh punjabi sirf boli ee nehin punjabi rehn sehgn da ik system ah jewhdi boli nu punjabi tay hor navaan naal alaqay
day hasab naal bolya janda ah.Punjabi day system dee boli punjabi, es system day musmaan day apnay naa. punjabi system
day apnay maheeniyan day naa, punjabi day apnay khushi ghum da tay mauj malay day dehar. Punjabi da apna ik vakhra libass.
Suchee gal tay eh ah keh Urdu culture da punjabi tay dujian lokal boliyan koi maqabala ee kerna ik hamakat ah . Urdu tay
ik boli tay vee poora nehin utar dee tray naa ee main ehnu ik boli ee samaj daan.Urdu ik choth ah tay choth bol kay local
boliyaan nu khatam keeta jaa rehya. Eh local boliyan Rab diyan boliyaan aan es wastay ee jinay vee alaqai sufi hoay ah ohna
nay alaqai boliyan nu ee apnay kalam da zaria banaya. Mera tay aman ah keh jehra bunda apni maan boli nu chud dainda oh
khatam ho janda tay ohdi pachaan khatam ho jaandi. Main ehdi masal Hazrat shah inayat qadri dee devaan gha. Buht vaday sufi
san apnay vailay day? 20 kitaban likhyan ohna nay pehr farsi ch. Ohna day shgird Bhuleey shah nay Punjabi nu ik such smaj kay
ehda palla phur lia tay apni maan boli nu vee chud ditta. Kehnday ah keh such such ee hunda ehnu jinaa dabao ghay auna ee auber da.
Bhulley shah nu koi sarkari sarparasti nehn milli her passay ohnu makhalfat da samna kerna pia. kahr valay ik pasay pind day tay
alaqay day vadairay dojay passay, maulbi tejay passay. Pehr bhulley shah nay such da palla phur lia see kisay dee pervah na keeti,
zamanay da khiyal naa keeta keh lok kih kehn ghay . galian ch eh such nu lai kay pahngra tay naach keeta. Eh such ee see keh oh bhulla
her passay mashor ho ghia tay apnay peer dee vee pehchan ban ghia. Main eh boli nu such naa kahvaan tay hor kih kahvan ik sidhi saadi boli.

Eh such da jadoo Abdulla shah tay hoya tay oh bhulla bhulla ker authia. Eh such dee story aithay ee khatam nehn hundi . jehra vee eh
such day lagay aya koi  nanak ban ghia tay koi farid toon fareeda tay koi hoo  hoo day naray maran lug pia. Eh punjabi ee neh sadian
sariyan ee lokal boliyan such ah. Es wastay ee hukumat day eh lokal boliyan day boycot kernay day bavajood hor auber rehyan tay lokaan
day hajay tak dil dee vaj ah. Buht punjabian sindian, pushtoonaa tay baluchaan nay vee buht kalam urdu ch likhya pehr main eh dhva ker
daan keh  kessay vee urdu day. choth ik deharayt khatam ho jana . lok eh samajan lug paiay ah keh urdu koi Islami boli nehn balkay eh
Hindustani nu surkhi powder lai hoi boli ah. Jes taran ehnu bangalian nay nay bangla daish choon kahdia es taran pakistan choon vee
ehnu kadan da vaila aa ghia. Ehda Islami boli hon da chooth khul chukia. Eh choth pakistan tay kinni dair qaim rehay gha? bohti dair nehin.
Maanbolian nu pakistan ch nafaz kernay vastaty ehnu ik deemi fareeza samajo tay oh dehar door nehn jidoon aithay vee naach tay pahngray pain ghay
shair oh rutba nehn mil sakya jehra lokaan nay bhulley shah fareed, guru nanan sultan bahu waris shah nu ditta